نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری برنامهریزی آمایش سرزمین، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The primary objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of spatial planning systems in Iran, Germany, and France. In terms of purpose, the research is fundamental and adopts an analytical–comparative framework. Data collection is based on secondary and archival sources, including official documents, development reports, statistical data, and executive records related to spatial planning in the three countries. The comparative analysis examines four key domains: legal, organizational, institutional, and thematic. The findings indicate that Germany and France, despite adopting different approaches, have successfully established coherent and coordinated spatial planning systems. In Germany, the emphasis on federalism, together with well-developed legal and institutional frameworks, has enabled a high degree of spatial balance and coordination among climatic, social, and developmental objectives. In France, despite strong centralization at the national level, the use of contractual instruments and the strengthening of regional roles—particularly in climate and energy policy—have contributed to more effective territorial governance. In contrast, Iran, despite articulating similar priorities in official documents, faces substantial challenges in practice regarding the implementation of spatial planning and the establishment of a coherent planning system. Overall, the study demonstrates that although Germany, France, and Iran share certain similarities and common priorities in their spatial policies, significant differences exist in policy implementation mechanisms. As a result, the efficiency and effectiveness of spatial planning in Iran have been considerably reduced.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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