Explanation of Islamic rulings and ethics in urban planning and design with emphasis on the jurisprudential rule of hadd al-kafaf (Case study: District 2 of Urmia city)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University

2 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Architecture, Tabriz University of Art

Abstract

An Islamic city is a context in which Islamic principles and philosophy are current and applicable.Therefore, paying attention to Islamic rules and ethics in preparing urban plans and programs is a basic need.Therefore, this research aims to explain Islamic rules and ethics in urban planning and design with an emphasis on the jurisprudential rule of hadd al-kafaf in Region 2 of Urmia city.This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method.And using the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the users, the position of Islamic rules and ethics in urban planning and design was examined.According to quantitative studies, 5 urban uses in Region 2 of Urmia city are facing a shortage in terms of per capita status compared to the upstream plans and have not reached the necessary adequacy in terms of the jurisprudential rule of hadd al-kafaf .In contrast, 8 urban uses are in an acceptable and necessary adequacy in terms of per capita status.An examination of the status of neighborhoods in Region 2 of Urmia city based on an analysis of the jurisprudential rule of per capita housing adequacy, basic urban services, and road network in plans and programs showed that 10 neighborhoods are deficient.An assessment of the qualitative status of land uses using a four-dimensional matrix showed that 3 neighborhoods are in a completely desirable state, four neighborhoods are in a desirable state, and 6 neighborhoods are in an average state.The remaining neighborhoods are in an undesirable and completely undesirable state in terms of qualitative indicators.

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Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 10 January 2026
  • Receive Date: 21 April 2025
  • Revise Date: 13 December 2025
  • Accept Date: 10 January 2026