University of Isfahan Spatial Planning 2228-7485 10 3 2020 09 22 Three Plausible Stories of the Future of Isfahan; Urban Foresight with a Scenario Approach Three Plausible Stories of the Future of Isfahan; Urban Foresight with a Scenario Approach 1 22 24423 10.22108/sppl.2020.118385.1409 FA Mohsen Taheri Demneh Assistant Professor of Futures Studies, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Masoumeh Kazemi PhD of Futures Studies, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Zahra Heydari Darani MA Student of Futures Studies, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2019 07 28 Problem Statement: The city is a complex system of social and economic interactions between a multitude of human and non-human factors that require new approaches to planning and managing it. Futures studies and foresight are new discourses with an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary nature which are among collaborative approaches and can create new perspectives on urban management in combination with conventional urban planning. Objective: The main objective of this study was to provide alternative images of the future of Isfahan city in the framework of scenario method. Methodology: The present study was an applied research that, by using cross-impact analysis approach, provides scenarios of future of Isfahan. Participants in this study were 21 experts in urban planning and foresight. Conclusions: By using the library studies and referring to the upstream documents of Isfahan, 22 primary factors influencing the future of Isfahan were identified. From these 22 factors, by using the Mick-Mac software, 7 factors were selected as key factors. These seven factors were summarized in the format of three driving forces as the bases for developing scenarios facing the municipality of Isfahan: technology, urban economics, and the environment. These scenarios were named: «Garden with Wi-Fi», «Isfahan 13 to B13» and «Now we are all fine but don't believe it». The first scenario illustrates the optimistic and utopian scenario, the second scenario the cynical and destructive one, and the third scenario depicts the continuation of the current status. Innovation: Application of Scenario Planning and Participatory Approach as a new approach in Isfahan urban management. Problem Statement: The city is a complex system of social and economic interactions between a multitude of human and non-human factors that require new approaches to planning and managing it. Futures studies and foresight are new discourses with an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary nature which are among collaborative approaches and can create new perspectives on urban management in combination with conventional urban planning. Objective: The main objective of this study was to provide alternative images of the future of Isfahan city in the framework of scenario method. Methodology: The present study was an applied research that, by using cross-impact analysis approach, provides scenarios of future of Isfahan. Participants in this study were 21 experts in urban planning and foresight. Conclusions: By using the library studies and referring to the upstream documents of Isfahan, 22 primary factors influencing the future of Isfahan were identified. From these 22 factors, by using the Mick-Mac software, 7 factors were selected as key factors. These seven factors were summarized in the format of three driving forces as the bases for developing scenarios facing the municipality of Isfahan: technology, urban economics, and the environment. These scenarios were named: «Garden with Wi-Fi», «Isfahan 13 to B13» and «Now we are all fine but don't believe it». The first scenario illustrates the optimistic and utopian scenario, the second scenario the cynical and destructive one, and the third scenario depicts the continuation of the current status. Innovation: Application of Scenario Planning and Participatory Approach as a new approach in Isfahan urban management.

https://sppl.ui.ac.ir/article_24423_4db455aa8af663bf9bf8ee2b86dac673.pdf

University of Isfahan Spatial Planning 2228-7485 10 3 2020 09 22 Analysis of Paradigm Shift Policies of Sustainable Urban Transportation (Case study: Tabriz Metropolis) Analysis of Paradigm Shift Policies of Sustainable Urban Transportation (Case study: Tabriz Metropolis) 23 46 24591 10.22108/sppl.2020.117018.1385 FA Mohammad Taghi Maboodi PhD Candidate, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Mohammad Reza Pour Mohammadi Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Mirstar Sadr Mousavi Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Shahrivar Rostaei Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2019 05 14 Problem Statement: Paradigmatic changes in urban transportation are based on changing the approaches and basics of planning, decision making and policy making from the vehicle-driven model to the human-centered model. Hence, it can be said that the human is at the core of the discourse of a new paradigm. Purpose: Analysis of the paradigm shift of Tabriz metropolitan transportation policies to achieve sustainable urban transportation is the main objective of the research. Methodology: The present research is based on the pragmatism paradigm. Quantitative data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire from experts (360 individuals). For analyzing quantitative data, one-sample t-test, Friedman and linear regression were used. Qualitative research data were collected through exploratory interviews and semi-structured interviews with 30 managers and experts and the analysis was done using Grand Theory method. Results: Paradigm Model of qualitative findings showed that the economic structure, the level of socioeconomic development, the process urbanization of the country as a dominant platform have led to the slow shift in the paradigm of transportation policies in Tabriz metropolis. Thus, the technical infrastructure overcomes other policies. Also, the quantitative findings, while confirming the qualitative results, showed that among the various sustainable transportation policies, ‘planning for public transportation practices’, ‘traffic management measures’, and ‘speed constraints’ policies have a significant impact on the Tabriz metropolitan transportation, so that the standardized coefficients (β) of these policies were respectively 0.726, 0.583 and 0.508, which were significant at the error level of less than 0.01. Innovation: The use of the Analytical Framework (ASI) Model and the mixed method methodology are innovations of this study. Problem Statement: Paradigmatic changes in urban transportation are based on changing the approaches and basics of planning, decision making and policy making from the vehicle-driven model to the human-centered model. Hence, it can be said that the human is at the core of the discourse of a new paradigm. Purpose: Analysis of the paradigm shift of Tabriz metropolitan transportation policies to achieve sustainable urban transportation is the main objective of the research. Methodology: The present research is based on the pragmatism paradigm. Quantitative data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire from experts (360 individuals). For analyzing quantitative data, one-sample t-test, Friedman and linear regression were used. Qualitative research data were collected through exploratory interviews and semi-structured interviews with 30 managers and experts and the analysis was done using Grand Theory method. Results: Paradigm Model of qualitative findings showed that the economic structure, the level of socioeconomic development, the process urbanization of the country as a dominant platform have led to the slow shift in the paradigm of transportation policies in Tabriz metropolis. Thus, the technical infrastructure overcomes other policies. Also, the quantitative findings, while confirming the qualitative results, showed that among the various sustainable transportation policies, ‘planning for public transportation practices’, ‘traffic management measures’, and ‘speed constraints’ policies have a significant impact on the Tabriz metropolitan transportation, so that the standardized coefficients (β) of these policies were respectively 0.726, 0.583 and 0.508, which were significant at the error level of less than 0.01. Innovation: The use of the Analytical Framework (ASI) Model and the mixed method methodology are innovations of this study.

https://sppl.ui.ac.ir/article_24591_4305c06677c5c64c2bf811d3003e97ca.pdf

University of Isfahan Spatial Planning 2228-7485 10 3 2020 09 22 Analyzing the Views of the Nomadic on the Quality of Social Insurance Fund of Villagers and Tribes Services (Case Study: Chaghakhor Village of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province) Analyzing the Views of the Nomadic on the Quality of Social Insurance Fund of Villagers and Tribes Services (Case Study: Chaghakhor Village of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province) 47 65 24440 10.22108/sppl.2020.117003.1384 FA Farhad Azizpou Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Farzad Mahmoudian PhD Student of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Somayeh Azizi MA Graduate of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 05 13 Problem Statement: Social insurance enjoys guarantee and security in social life. As the tribal community is constantly confronted with challenges, risk conditions and vulnerabilities, insurance and insurance services in these areas have a special place so that, like some countries, with the implementation of an efficient social insurance system, some of these challenges can be addressed. But, this requires progress, survival, and staying on stage, understanding customers' needs and satisfying them. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the views of the tribes of Choghakhor (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province) on the quality of services provided by the Social Insurance Fund for villagers and tribes. Methodology: In this descriptive-analytical survey, 450 members of the Nomads of Chaghakhor ruraldistrict, which are members of the Social Insurance Fund for Villagers and Nomads. Using Cochran's formula, 188 of them were selected as the sample size. The data obtained from the SERVQUAL model questionnaire were analyzed by two-way t-test. The Friedman test was used to determine the degree of significance, and the Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the accuracy of mean differences and spatial analysis. Findings and Results: The results showed that there is a gap between the current and the expected situation of the insured in all dimensions, except for tangible factors with a positive value (t=+0/12). The highest gap was in confidence level (t=-0/94), and then in response dimensions (t=-0/86), reliability (t=-0.46), and empathy (t=-0/09). Meanwhile, the reliability dimensions with the average of 0.36 and tangible factors with an average of 0.66 had respectively the highest and lowest significance for the insured. The results showed that the insured’s expectations of quality of service were higher than their perceptions and their satisfaction with the services was evaluated at the moderate level. Innovation: The SERVQUAL model has been used more to evaluate the performance of governmental and non-governmental organizations such as hospitals, banks, offices, and universities, and has been less applied to nomadic environments and the performance of nomadic government agencies. So, such studies on nomadic communities are necessary. Given these interpretations, since no research has been conducted on the quality of services provided by the Social Insurance Fund in the context of the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari tribal community, the present article attempts to discuss this issue and present solutions to the existing bottlenecks, and this demonstrates the innovation of the current research. Problem Statement: Social insurance enjoys guarantee and security in social life. As the tribal community is constantly confronted with challenges, risk conditions and vulnerabilities, insurance and insurance services in these areas have a special place so that, like some countries, with the implementation of an efficient social insurance system, some of these challenges can be addressed. But, this requires progress, survival, and staying on stage, understanding customers' needs and satisfying them. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the views of the tribes of Choghakhor (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province) on the quality of services provided by the Social Insurance Fund for villagers and tribes. Methodology: In this descriptive-analytical survey, 450 members of the Nomads of Chaghakhor ruraldistrict, which are members of the Social Insurance Fund for Villagers and Nomads. Using Cochran's formula, 188 of them were selected as the sample size. The data obtained from the SERVQUAL model questionnaire were analyzed by two-way t-test. The Friedman test was used to determine the degree of significance, and the Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the accuracy of mean differences and spatial analysis. Findings and Results: The results showed that there is a gap between the current and the expected situation of the insured in all dimensions, except for tangible factors with a positive value (t=+0/12). The highest gap was in confidence level (t=-0/94), and then in response dimensions (t=-0/86), reliability (t=-0.46), and empathy (t=-0/09). Meanwhile, the reliability dimensions with the average of 0.36 and tangible factors with an average of 0.66 had respectively the highest and lowest significance for the insured. The results showed that the insured’s expectations of quality of service were higher than their perceptions and their satisfaction with the services was evaluated at the moderate level. Innovation: The SERVQUAL model has been used more to evaluate the performance of governmental and non-governmental organizations such as hospitals, banks, offices, and universities, and has been less applied to nomadic environments and the performance of nomadic government agencies. So, such studies on nomadic communities are necessary. Given these interpretations, since no research has been conducted on the quality of services provided by the Social Insurance Fund in the context of the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari tribal community, the present article attempts to discuss this issue and present solutions to the existing bottlenecks, and this demonstrates the innovation of the current research.

https://sppl.ui.ac.ir/article_24440_512ca87eb3838c3721c4b7474db7232f.pdf

University of Isfahan Spatial Planning 2228-7485 10 3 2020 09 22 The Role of Social Capital and Social Identity of Exploiters in the Management of Plans for Organizing and Determining the River Boundaries and Beds (Case Study: Seimareh River) The Role of Social Capital and Social Identity of Exploiters in the Management of Plans for Organizing and Determining the River Boundaries and Beds (Case Study: Seimareh River) 66 76 24598 10.22108/sppl.2020.120595.1455 FA Asghar Salehi Assistant Professor, Economic, Social and Extension Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2019 12 28 Social capital and social identity are among the main factors in the continuity of social life. Social capital will save individuals’ cost and time by facilitating the process of collaborating to achieve common goals. Social identity can be a relatively stable perception of one's social identity through one's resemblance to others formed during social processes and interactions with other individuals and social groups, and creates a sense of belonging to others in the group, class, and so on. Protecting rivers as a national asset and one of the country's most important water resources in agriculture, economy, industry, transportation, health, drinking and recreation is a necessity. Unfortunately, not much economic and social research has been done so far. Due to the fact that any kind of interference and seizure in the river, both quantitatively and qualitatively, causes different reactions, and if the changes are not in the direction of legalizing the water and riverbed, over time, it requires a costly confrontation. Therefore, it is necessary to present all the plans for organizing the river bed and boundary based on a scientific and correct basis. This research was an applied one and was descriptive-analytical in terms of the methodology through using the survey and factor analysis methods. The statistical population included all the exploiters of Seimareh River between Seimareh Dam and Gavmishan Bridge located in Ilam and Lorestan provinces. A total of 2889 exploiters were selected and the sample size was 202 individuals. Indicators used to measure the main variables of this study in the social capital included social cohesion, social participation, social trust, sense of social security, social insight and in the social identity included national identity, religious identity, ethnic identity, family identity, and group identity. The research findings indicated that the level of social capital of the respondents is low, so that in terms of social capital, 45% of the users of the Seimareh River were at a low level. Respondents were also at a high level in terms of social identity, with an average score of 4.5. The social identity of 99.1% of the respondents was at a high level. Due to the low level of social capital, other capitals were not effective and the development of the society would face serious problems. So, in the implementation of river projects, a low social capital in the study area would reduce the obligations, the potential capacity of the exploiters, effective executive guarantees, and the adaptability of the exploiters. The degree of the social cohesion as another component of the social capital in this study was considered. The statistical population of the study had a moderate social cohesion. The findings were in line with the results of studies done by other researchers. Also, the average social trust of the respondents was moderate. The research results showed that the level of social trust of 22.7% of the users of Seimareh River was low, 61.6% was moderate and 15.6% was high. In the present article, for the first time, the role of social capital and social identity of exploiters in the management of organizing and determining the boundaries of rivers has been measured and evaluated. Social capital and social identity are among the main factors in the continuity of social life. Social capital will save individuals’ cost and time by facilitating the process of collaborating to achieve common goals. Social identity can be a relatively stable perception of one's social identity through one's resemblance to others formed during social processes and interactions with other individuals and social groups, and creates a sense of belonging to others in the group, class, and so on. Protecting rivers as a national asset and one of the country's most important water resources in agriculture, economy, industry, transportation, health, drinking and recreation is a necessity. Unfortunately, not much economic and social research has been done so far. Due to the fact that any kind of interference and seizure in the river, both quantitatively and qualitatively, causes different reactions, and if the changes are not in the direction of legalizing the water and riverbed, over time, it requires a costly confrontation. Therefore, it is necessary to present all the plans for organizing the river bed and boundary based on a scientific and correct basis. This research was an applied one and was descriptive-analytical in terms of the methodology through using the survey and factor analysis methods. The statistical population included all the exploiters of Seimareh River between Seimareh Dam and Gavmishan Bridge located in Ilam and Lorestan provinces. A total of 2889 exploiters were selected and the sample size was 202 individuals. Indicators used to measure the main variables of this study in the social capital included social cohesion, social participation, social trust, sense of social security, social insight and in the social identity included national identity, religious identity, ethnic identity, family identity, and group identity. The research findings indicated that the level of social capital of the respondents is low, so that in terms of social capital, 45% of the users of the Seimareh River were at a low level. Respondents were also at a high level in terms of social identity, with an average score of 4.5. The social identity of 99.1% of the respondents was at a high level. Due to the low level of social capital, other capitals were not effective and the development of the society would face serious problems. So, in the implementation of river projects, a low social capital in the study area would reduce the obligations, the potential capacity of the exploiters, effective executive guarantees, and the adaptability of the exploiters. The degree of the social cohesion as another component of the social capital in this study was considered. The statistical population of the study had a moderate social cohesion. The findings were in line with the results of studies done by other researchers. Also, the average social trust of the respondents was moderate. The research results showed that the level of social trust of 22.7% of the users of Seimareh River was low, 61.6% was moderate and 15.6% was high. In the present article, for the first time, the role of social capital and social identity of exploiters in the management of organizing and determining the boundaries of rivers has been measured and evaluated.

https://sppl.ui.ac.ir/article_24598_f8d76f6d5f69eeb6f186d92cbddc3b68.pdf

University of Isfahan Spatial Planning 2228-7485 10 3 2020 09 22 The Evaluation and Measurement of the City Prosperity Index (CPI) in Tehran Metropolis The Evaluation and Measurement of the City Prosperity Index (CPI) in Tehran Metropolis 77 97 24546 10.22108/sppl.2020.118069.1402 FA Saideh Alavi Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardebil, Ardebil, Iran Hossein Nazmfar Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardebil, Ardebil, Iran Ali Eshghei Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature & Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardebil, Ardebil, Iran Journal Article 2019 07 25 Statement of the Problem: City prosperity has been one of the best human endeavors throughout history. To this end, the United Nations Habitat Office in 2012 has discussed the issue of city prosperity with a view of realizing sustainable and human settlements, as well as creating better and more successful cities and indicators including five dimensions of productivity, quality of life, infrastructure, social justice, and environmental sustainability. These five dimensions form the wheels of city prosperity. Purpose: The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the 22 districts of Tehran in terms of having the City Prosperity Index (CPI). Methodology: This research was applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of the purpose and the method. To achieve the goal of the research, five main criteria of urban prosperity index were used in the form of 60 sub-criteria. The period studied was 2016 and the models used to evaluate were Prometheus and GAIA analysis. Results: The results of this study indicated that districts 22 and 6 of Tehran, in terms of having City Prosperity Indicators, are in perfect condition. Districts 3, 21, and 2 are in a good condition, and districts 1, 4, 13, 14, 11, 8, 15, 17, 16, and 5 are in a moderate condition. Districts 20, 12, 10, 19, 9, 7, and 18 are in a relatively unfavorable condition. Also, the urban areas of Tehran in three dimensions of city prosperity, including quality of life, social justice, and environmental sustainability, are in a poor condition. To flourish the regions and achieve the desired goals of Tehran's urban development, it is suggested that those in charge and officials of urban development projects with principled planning take a serious step towards improving the quality of life, social justice, and environmental sustainability in Tehran’s urban districts. Innovation: Considering the importance of flourishing in the sustainable development of cities, and since no studies have been conducted in this field for the city of Tehran, the results of this research are useful for future planning. Statement of the Problem: City prosperity has been one of the best human endeavors throughout history. To this end, the United Nations Habitat Office in 2012 has discussed the issue of city prosperity with a view of realizing sustainable and human settlements, as well as creating better and more successful cities and indicators including five dimensions of productivity, quality of life, infrastructure, social justice, and environmental sustainability. These five dimensions form the wheels of city prosperity. Purpose: The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the 22 districts of Tehran in terms of having the City Prosperity Index (CPI). Methodology: This research was applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of the purpose and the method. To achieve the goal of the research, five main criteria of urban prosperity index were used in the form of 60 sub-criteria. The period studied was 2016 and the models used to evaluate were Prometheus and GAIA analysis. Results: The results of this study indicated that districts 22 and 6 of Tehran, in terms of having City Prosperity Indicators, are in perfect condition. Districts 3, 21, and 2 are in a good condition, and districts 1, 4, 13, 14, 11, 8, 15, 17, 16, and 5 are in a moderate condition. Districts 20, 12, 10, 19, 9, 7, and 18 are in a relatively unfavorable condition. Also, the urban areas of Tehran in three dimensions of city prosperity, including quality of life, social justice, and environmental sustainability, are in a poor condition. To flourish the regions and achieve the desired goals of Tehran's urban development, it is suggested that those in charge and officials of urban development projects with principled planning take a serious step towards improving the quality of life, social justice, and environmental sustainability in Tehran’s urban districts. Innovation: Considering the importance of flourishing in the sustainable development of cities, and since no studies have been conducted in this field for the city of Tehran, the results of this research are useful for future planning.

https://sppl.ui.ac.ir/article_24546_b7a8407c0feb69fa29edfb331fd377da.pdf

University of Isfahan Spatial Planning 2228-7485 10 3 2020 09 22 Investigating the Effects of Implementing Rural Guide Plans on the Reduction of Land Expropriation and the Marginalization of Cities Case Study: Saravan Suburban Villages (Dezak to Aspich) Investigating the Effects of Implementing Rural Guide Plans on the Reduction of Land Expropriation and the Marginalization of Cities Case Study: Saravan Suburban Villages (Dezak to Aspich) 98 117 24568 10.22108/sppl.2020.116991.1382 FA Safar Ali Gorgich M.Sc. Student of the Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran Sirous Ghanbari Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran Seyed Hadi Tayebnia Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran 0000-0002-4689-0550 Journal Article 2019 05 13 Statement of the Problem: The implementation of the guide plan and the management of agricultural lands around the city of Saravan is one of the important priorities in the development of this city, because the lack of attention to these surrounding settlements has created problems for the cities such as Zahedan, Chabahar and Zabol. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the implementation of the guide plan in the settlements around Saravan and to show the effects of this project in preventing marginalization and land use changes around Saravan. Research Method: This study was descriptive-analytical in terms of the method. The statistical population included all 5131 heads of rural households of suburbs of Saravan city and 30 experts and officials of rural development. The sample size was based on the Cochran formula in the five rural settlements that were implementing the plan for 5 years. Thus, three hundred fifty individuals were estimated. The data collection was done using field and library methods; one-sample t-test, correlation tests, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data in order to test the hypotheses. Results: The results showed that the implementation of the guide plan in controlling the marginalization has had a desirable effect and an acceptable performance in its developmental goals. The implementation of the guide plan has reduced the marginalization level around the city, and the assignment of the rural land by the Housing Foundation has played an important role in controlling and regulating the expropriation of lands around the city. The average effects of conducting the guide plan on physical, economic, social, and marginalization dimensions were 1.32, 1.98, 1.79 1.78, respectively, which indicated the positive effect of the guide plan on the structure of settlements and the reduction of land expropriation in the suburbs of Saravan city. Innovation: For the first time, the implementation of the guide plan in the study area was analyzed with the satellite imagery. Statement of the Problem: The implementation of the guide plan and the management of agricultural lands around the city of Saravan is one of the important priorities in the development of this city, because the lack of attention to these surrounding settlements has created problems for the cities such as Zahedan, Chabahar and Zabol. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the implementation of the guide plan in the settlements around Saravan and to show the effects of this project in preventing marginalization and land use changes around Saravan. Research Method: This study was descriptive-analytical in terms of the method. The statistical population included all 5131 heads of rural households of suburbs of Saravan city and 30 experts and officials of rural development. The sample size was based on the Cochran formula in the five rural settlements that were implementing the plan for 5 years. Thus, three hundred fifty individuals were estimated. The data collection was done using field and library methods; one-sample t-test, correlation tests, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data in order to test the hypotheses. Results: The results showed that the implementation of the guide plan in controlling the marginalization has had a desirable effect and an acceptable performance in its developmental goals. The implementation of the guide plan has reduced the marginalization level around the city, and the assignment of the rural land by the Housing Foundation has played an important role in controlling and regulating the expropriation of lands around the city. The average effects of conducting the guide plan on physical, economic, social, and marginalization dimensions were 1.32, 1.98, 1.79 1.78, respectively, which indicated the positive effect of the guide plan on the structure of settlements and the reduction of land expropriation in the suburbs of Saravan city. Innovation: For the first time, the implementation of the guide plan in the study area was analyzed with the satellite imagery.

https://sppl.ui.ac.ir/article_24568_1c85cc0663d1631daa6b9805fd89fffb.pdf